libreoffice basic programming guide pdf

The program code then uses the Doc.createInstance call to create the rectangle drawing object as specified by the com.sun.star.drawing.RectangleShape service. Methods can be understood as functions that relate directly to an object and through which this object is called. The following properties are provided for 3D charts at the Diagram object: The following example creates a 3D area chart. This chapter describes how to control the relevant services, methods and properties of spreadsheet documents: The first section addresses the basic structure of spreadsheet documents and shows you how to access and to edit the contents of individual cells. This is needed to specify the paper size. LibreOffice Basic Programming -- Resources for Learning English common, writer, calc, base, macro EssayFebruary 25, 2022, 3:17pm #1 H Everyone, Does anyone know of any books, pdf files, or courses where one can learn LibreOffice Basic and the ins and outs of macros in LibreOffice? In particular, if such a request is made by pressing the right mouse button on the control, the event will be fired twice: once for the popup menu request, and once for the real mouse event. These include tables, drawings, text fields and directories. When working with documents, two services are used most frequently: The com.sun.star.frame.Desktop service is created automatically when LibreOffice is started. It combines all the pages within the spreadsheet. At this point, only some of the abstract aspects of objects, for which the LibreOffice API provides some central interfaces, are discussed. The following example shows how a text file is opened, written, and closed: Text files are read in the same way that they are written. A complete list of all text fields is provided in the API reference in the com.sun.star.text.textfield module. Note: The example first creates a document object for the text that has just been opened. Depending on the system and configuration, various types of data are saved here. Each major type of LibreOffice document has its own associated template type. To do so, the method of formatting individual table cells must be used. You can also create data sources and work with them using LibreOffice Basic. This basically covers the loadComponentFromURL method, which is responsible for creating, importing, and opening documents. You will find another description of dialogs in the Developer's Guide: Browse to and select the macro you want to assign. This data field is then initialized with the values to be set and assigned the Printer property. The com.sun.star.container.XNameContainer interface provides a method to remove a sheet of a given name: Each sheet contains a list of its rows and columns. If you use the CompatibilityMode ( true ) function, LibreOffice Basic will behave like VBA. VBA: LibreOffice Basic does not support the VBA Like comparison operator. The elements in getByIndex however are numbered beginning with 0. The best solution is to use only one approach for error handling within a program - keep error handling separate from the actual program code and do not jump back to the original code after the error occurs. For example, support for the ChDir, ChDrive and CurDir functions is not provided. If the activation sequence is interrupted by another control element, then LibreOffice automatically starts with a new control element group that can be activated regardless of the first group of control elements. Note: Each of these documents may contain several spreadsheets. The call is made by entering the procedure name at the relevant point of the program. The Chart object provides the property Area to format the background: The background of a chart covers its complete area, including the area under the title, subtitle and legend. LibreOffice Basic provides the MkDir function for creating directories. Before attempting to write macros you should read First Steps with Apache OpenOffice Basic and the pages on Apache OpenOffice Basic IDE. Then it iterates through the entire text, sentence by sentence, and highlights each of the first words and formats this in bold. The Dialog Editor: Creates personal dialog windows and provides scope for the adding of control elements and event handlers. Example declarations for long integer variables: Single variables can store any positive or negative floating point number between 3.402823 x 1038 and 1.401298 x 10-45. The code used in the example then creates a list containing all charts of the first spreadsheet (Charts line = Doc.Sheets(0).Charts). The Format function formats numbers as a string. Originally, single variables were used to reduce the computing time required for the more precise double variables. In LibreOffice Basic, this is accomplished with the On Error or Resume commands. The com.sun.star.style.CharacterProperties and com.sun.star.style.ParagraphProperties services can format text in drawing objects. Just like individual cells, you can apply formatting to cell ranges using the com.sun.star.table.CellProperties service. In addition to the standard control elements, a table control element is also available for forms, which enables the complete incorporation of database tables. The following properties are provided for pie and donut charts with the Diagram object: LibreOffice has an integrated database interface (independent of any systems) called Star Database Connectivity (SDBC). If a cell contains a numerical value, then the example changes the formatting correspondingly. The Wait statement suspends program execution for a specified time. StarOffice 5: The name of the StarDesktop object dates back to StarOffice 5, in which all document windows were embedded in one common application called StarDesktop. The following call creates a copy of the Source file under the name of Destination: With the help of the following function you can rename the OldName file with NewName. This chapter provides an introduction to the macro-controlled creation and editing of drawings and presentations. In LibreOffice, a table cell can be empty or contain text, numbers, or formulas. As the second parameter, loadComponentFromURL expects a name for the frame object of the window that LibreOffice creates internally for its administration. Anyone who has already worked with these languages can quickly become accustomed to LibreOffice Basic. These services are appropriate for applications in which the content of a text is to be edited in one pass through a loop. Note that this name must not begin with an underscore. Routine tasks can therefore be automated in LibreOffice Basic, links can be made to other programs for example to a database server and complex activities can be performed at the press of a button by using predefined scripts. Even the paragraph properties are available in various objects. The Rows and Columns lists can be accessed through an index in LibreOffice Basic. The interface (com.sun.star.sheet.XCellRangeMovement) is available through the spreadsheet object and provides four methods for modifying cell content. Calculations that use integer variables are very fast and are particularly useful for loop counters. For charts in which the values of the various rows of data deviate significantly from one another, LibreOffice provides a second X and Y-axis for second scaling operations. The runtime library from LibreOffice Basic provides several fundamental functions for these tasks. Here, the methods are called directly by means of the relevant object. The preceding function can be called within a program as follows: The code defines a variable A and assigns the result of the Test function to it. Note: Several common examples to tell users how to write macros in different applications. The error sources noted for implicit type conversions can only be avoided by careful programming; for example, by not using the variant data type. Some drivers access file-based databases and take the data directly from them. It converts a string into a number; however it always expects a period to be used as the decimal point symbol. Once initialization is complete, the text frame is finally inserted in the text document using a call from insertTextContent. The text can only be inserted after the drawing object has been added to the drawing page. The following example checks whether the date saved in MyDate is in the year 2003. Once the writing process has been completed, the file must be closed using a Close call: Again here, the file handle should be specified. You can also assign the elements to an individual tab page (for example page 1). Finally, the following information symbols are available and can also be displayed by adding the relevant parameter values: The following call displays an information box with the Yes and No buttons (value 4), of which the second button (No) is set as the default value (value 256) and which also receives a question mark (value 32), 4+256+32=292. Some UNO services in turn support other services so that, through one object, you are provided with a whole range of services. The Diagram object provides the properties Wall and Floor: The specified objects support the com.sun.star.chart.ChartArea service, which provides the usual fill and line properties (com.sun.star.drawing.FillProperties and com.sun.star.drawing.LineProperties services, refer to #Drawings and Presentations). In this case, the syntax of the function is: In the previous examples, InStr ignores uppercase and lowercase characters. In LibreOffice Basic, the directory and all its files are deleted. storeAsURL provides the following options: The following example shows how the Overwrite option can be used in conjunction with storeAsURL: The example then saves Doc under the specified file name if a file already exists under the name. Some level of basic familiarity with Basic, Python, Java or C++ is the precondition to start learning about UNO. These are produced implicitly by arranging the rows (one under another) next to one another. The active document object is accessed in LibreOffice through the StarDesktop.CurrentComponent property, or through ThisComponent. The fill mode of a drawing object is defined using the FillStyle property. Finally, in the last line, a new chart is added to this list using the addNewByName method. The Chart object provides the property Diagram which forms the coordinate system with axes and grids, where the data finally is displayed: Different services are supported depending on the chart type (see #Chart Types). The corresponding dimensions are separated from one another by commas. The following example uses this method to create an object of cell C3. Line charts provide the following properties: Area charts (com.sun.star.chart.AreaDiagram service) support two X-axes, two Y-axes and one Z-axis. Each cell supports the com.sun.star.style.CharacterProperties and com.sun.star.style.ParagraphProperties services, the main properties of which are described in #Text Documents. A TextCursor object is created using the createTextCursor call: The Cursor object created in this way supports the com.sun.star.text.TextCursor service, which in turn provides a whole range of methods for navigating within text documents. Visit Andrew Pitonyak's web page to get the latest PDF and ODT files of his book LibreOffice is a cross-platform, open source office suite. For more in-depth information please refer to the OpenOffice.org BASIC Programming Guide on the Wiki. Title, subtitle and legend are basic elements provided for every chart. The text field is then inserted in the document using the associated text object of the left-hand footer line. The following values are included in this structure: The completed CellRangeAddress structure must be passed as the first parameter to the insertCells method. The following example activates the automatic height optimization for the first five rows in the sheet and makes the second column invisible. Instead use the LibreOffice Basic MouseUp event for the click event and imitate the Doubleclick event by changing the application logic. By using ma units, LibreOffice ensures that a dialog looks the same on different systems under different system settings. Automatic optimization continues until the row is assigned an absolute height through the Height property. Write the qualifiers in order, from outer to inner: These names may also be described as, "concatenated with the dot-operator ('.')". This distinction is not made in LibreOffice Basic, because charts in LibreOffice Calc are always created as embedded objects of a table page. Throughout this document, the LibreOffice installation directory is represented in syntax as install-dir. The following example shows a loop that passes through all the cells of a table and enters the corresponding row and column numbers into the cells. The insertCell method is used to insert cells into a sheet. Special cell formatting is handled by the com.sun.star.table.CellProperties service. Programmers who want to work directly with Java or C++ rather than LibreOffice Basic should consult the LibreOffice Developer's . creates 4 integer variables which can be described with the expressions MyInteger(1), MyInteger(2), MyInteger(3), and MyInteger(4). When you select an option, all the other options in the group are deactivated. The expressions for searching and replacing are set using the SearchString and ReplaceString properties of the ReplaceDescriptors. The applications are: Writer (a word processor), Draw (vector graphics drawing), Impress (for slide presentations), Calc (spreadsheets), Base (a database front- end), and Math (for writing formulae). The CompatibilityMode statement and function provide greater compatibility with VBA, by changing the operation of certain functions. These commands stop the procedure or function and return the program to the point at which the procedure or function was called up. It concentrates on tables, text frames, text fields, bookmarks, content directories and more. To do this, it first creates a TextCursor object which makes reference to the content of the table cell and then adapts the paragraph properties of the table cell. The double array in the definition allows you to create complex shapes by merging several polygons. Basic knowledge of the way in which databases function and the SQL query language is however needed to fully understand the following sections. The following example combines two drawing objects: This code creates a rectangle and a circle and inserts them into a page. These event types can be divided into four groups: When you work with events, make sure that you create the associated dialog in the LibreOffice development environment and that it contains the required control elements or documents (if you apply the events to a form). If the width of an individual cell is changed, the width of the column that contains the cell is not changed. The example inserts one number, one text, and one formula in the fields A1 to A3. In terms of functionality, OptimalWidth is more of a method than a property. If, on the other hand, the Basic interpreter first converts the start values B and C into a string and applies the plus operator to the result, it produces the string 11. The LibreOffice documents provide the findFirst and findNext methods for this purpose: The example finds all matches in a loop and returns a TextRange object, which refers to the found text passage. The following example uses the hasByName method to check if a sheet called MySheet exists. If it encounters a corresponding paragraph portion, it deletes the direct formatting using the setPropertyToDefault method and assigns a MyBold character template to the corresponding paragraph portion. This is because the contents of cell A2 were entered as a string and not as a number. For a more detailed picture, see the API reference. Correspondingly, two different access methods are defined there for charts. The Expand parameter is a Boolean value which specifies whether the area passed over during navigation is to be highlighted. A string consists of a sequence of consecutive individual characters. The basic functionality for the individual document objects is provided by the com.sun.star.document.OfficeDocument service. To make the definition available to other modules, add the Public keyword. It supports the following properties: The name of the current chapter is available through a text field of the com.sun.star.text.textfield.Chapter type. Alternatively, you can change the start index for all data field declarations to the value 1 by using the call: The call must be included in the header of a module if you want it to apply to all array declarations in the module. These determine the procedure LibreOffice uses when saving a document. For example, to process a mouse click, you may need the screen position where the mouse button was pressed. However, in drawing documents the descriptor objects for searching and replacing are not created directly through the document object, but rather through the associated character level. Basic languages are designed to be easy to use. The following path references the test.odt file in the doc directory on the C: drive: file:///C:/doc/test.odt 12 for Calc); the OpenOffice Basic Wikipedia page has some useful links, including: the OO Basic Guide and Andrew Pitonyak's OpenOffice Macro Information; there's also a book, Learn OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet Macro Programming from Pakt . The following example is an algorithm that uses two loops to sort a list by names. Most word processing programs now finally provide the option of placing drawing objects, text frames and other objects within a text. However, whether the corresponding settings are based on template or direct formatting in the text is still unclear. The text frame created in this way can then be inserted in the document using the insertTextContent method of the Text object. Purchase or download the latest LibreOffice Calc Guide, written by community experts. You do, however, have the option of switching to a TextCursor which allows for navigation at the level of characters, sentences and words. For an understanding of the API, it is, however, useful to have the assignment of methods to various interfaces handy, since many interfaces are used in the different services. LibreOffice also supports complex polygonal shapes through the com.sun.star.drawing.PolyPolygonShape service. Information about creating, opening, and saving drawings can be found in #Working With Documents. If a corresponding model is found, then a reference to this is saved in the Ctl variable and the search is terminated. Note: Large sections of the basic constructs of LibreOffice Basic are compatible with Visual Basic. chapter #LibreOffice_Basic_IDE describes more fully the IDE If a number is not provided, 0 is displayed in its place. If another error occurs, the system outputs a warning. All occurrences of the name, A * indicates that the preceding character may be repeated any number of times. ThisComponent returns the currently active document. The date is formatted here in accordance with the country-specific settings used on the system. By convention, the symbolic names given below are written in UPPERCASE, to mark them as predefined, rather than user-defined. You can also have loops with an undefined number of passes. Since the drivers are based on UNO components, other drivers can be developed and therefore open up new data sources. If the PushButtonType has the value of 2, the dialog is closed and the Execute method of the dialog returns the value 0 (dialog closed). The method getByName() is mandatory, and should always be available. Extensive examples are provided to help you quickly develop your own OpenOffice.org Basic programs. Any modifications made to the data within the spreadsheet will also be reflected in the assigned chart. To use a Universal Network Object in LibreOffice Basic, you will need a variable declaration for the associated object. The same applies when using variant variables: Since variant variables may contain both numbers and strings, it is unclear whether variable A is assigned the number 2 or the string 11. The type declaration symbol is #. The following example writes the "Just a Test." The example defines a procedure called Test that contains code that can be accessed from any point in the program. Like bubbles, the variables gradually migrate to the right position. A simple way is to declare it as a Private or Public variable common to the main dialog routine and the event routine. The interpreter, which is needed to run LibreOffice Basic macros. You can define modules to be global or part of a document. Note - VBA : Compatibility between OpenOffice.org Basic and VBA relates to the OpenOffice.org Basic language as well as the runtime library. Common pieces of reusable Python or UNO features must be stored in My macros within (User Profile)/Scripts/python/pythonpath. VBA: Unlike in VBA, the first column has the index 0 and not the index 1. Write it before the inner name, and separate it by a period: Since containers may hold other containers, you may need more than one qualifier. The example uses the supportsService method to check whether the TextElement is a paragraph or a table. A loop executes a code block for the number of passes that are specified. This status arises, for example, when querying the bold type property of a paragraph, which includes both words depicted in bold and words depicted in normal font. The legend has a gray background color, is placed at the bottom of the chart, and has a character size of 7 points. However, as a result, the same character value can represent different characters in different languages. Regardless of the type of event, all objects provide access to the relevant control element and its model. The global name ThisComponent generally returns the same object as StarDesktop.CurrentComponent, with one significant advantage. This based on the com.sun.star.sdb.DatabaseContext service and is the root object for all database operations. The user can therefore, for example, change the font type of all level one headers by means of a central modification in the document. In LibreOffice Writer, standard letters can be created with the assistance of SDBC data sources and these can then be printed out. The modules are of no other functional importance for LibreOffice Basic programmers. See #storeAsURL Method Options, below. The last of the drawing elements presented here are graphic objects that are based on the com.sun.star.drawing.GraphicObjectShape service. It inserts a new sheet with the name specified by the first argument, at the position specified by the second argument. Some DOS-specific file and directory functions are no longer provided in LibreOffice, or their function is only limited. VBA: Text frames are LibreOffice's counterpart to the position frame used in Word. This method deletes the range that is defined in the CellRangeAddress structure from the sheet. Import and export of spreadsheets in multiple formats, including HTML, CSV, PDF, and Java LibreOffice Programming. The When initiating event is also noteworthy for the following reasons: The properties for the Item Status Changed event are: LibreOffice Basic recognizes a range of control elements which can be divided into the following groups: A button performs an action when you click it. The actual object form can be accessed through the Forms list at the drawing level. This is a transfer channel which permits direct communication with the database. The following are all the properties that are associated with the LineShape service: The following example creates and formats a line with the help of the named properties. The second line replaces the current chart with a new one in this example, a line chart. The InputBox function queries simple strings from the user. As an alternative, a validity range with start and end values can be specified for the data field declaration. When specifying a service name, it is only the module name which is of any importance because this must be also listed in the name. The preceding Filename and Title properties are of the string type. You can use the computeFunction method to perform mathematical operations on cell ranges. Direct formatting always takes priority over indirect formatting. These are useful if no cells have been merged in the table. LibreOffice treats cell content that is entered using the String property as text, even if the content is a number. as is the case in the previous example for paragraphs. A function, just like a procedure, combines a block of programs to be executed into one logical unit. Apache OpenOffice - Official Site - The Free and Open Productivity Suite A database is incorporated into LibreOffice by creating what is commonly referred to as a data source. Note: This detail may be of interest in particular to Java- or C++ programmers, since in these languages, the interface is needed to request a method. The shadow is rendered in dark gray with 50 percent transparency. In other words, the methods are assigned (as combinations) to the service in interfaces. Microsoft based its Windows product on the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) character set, which was gradually extended to include characters that are missing from the ASCII character set. In the following example, both module A and B have a Private variable called C. The Test function first sets the Private variable in module A and then the Private variable in module B. In LibreOffice Basic, you can use object parameters to provide more information about an event to a procedure, for example: The structure and properties of the Event object depend on the type of event that triggers the procedure call. For more information about the LibreOffice API and the Software Development Kit, visit https://api.libreoffice.org. VBA: In terms of their function, the LibreOffice Basic insertCell, removeRange, and copyRange methods are comparable with the VBA Range.Insert, Range.Delete ,and Range.Copy methods. These are inserted in the text and influence its structure. The lines are dark gray (Color) and are spaced is 0.2 millimeters (Distance) apart. LibreOffice Basic is an interpreter language. In LibreOffice, the fields are administered using an object-oriented concept. The example shows a dialog that contains a label and a list box. If you are not sure of the form of a control element, you can use the option for searching through all forms for the control element required: The example uses the HasByName method to check all forms of a text document to determine whether they contain a control element model called MyListBox. This chapter presents the central interfaces and services of text documents. The type is declared in the same way as a variable declaration: If the return type is not specified (see first example of this page), the function returns a variant. com.sun.star.awt.UnoControlCurrencyField. From a routine called by an event of a control, e.g. The individual pages are accessed from the sheets object, by using the getByName method from XNameAccess: The getElementNames method provides an overview of the names of all elements. Multiple modules can be combined to a library. In so doing, the name of the proper com.sun.star.text.TextFrame service should be specified. The Exit Do command can exit at loop at any point within the loop. You can also use the following style to declare an integer type variable: The Dim instruction can record several variable declarations: If you want to assign the variables to a permanent type, you must make separate assignments for each variable: If you do not declare the type for a variable, LibreOffice Basic assigns the variable a variant type. The compiler uses the qualifiers from the With as though they were written in front of the partly-qualified name. If you want to cleanly structure your code to prevent generating errors when you use this construct, you should not use jump commands without monitoring them. Integrated Development Environment (IDE) This section describes the Integrated Development Environment for LibreOffice Basic. A dialog editor is provided for creating dialogs, and this can be found in the LibreOffice Basic development environment. Whereas the document object in VBA is called a Workbook and its individual pages Worksheets, they are called SpreadsheetDocument and Sheet in LibreOffice Basic. An object in LibreOffice Basic provides a range of properties and methods which can be called by means of the object. Fill properties are combined in the com.sun.star.drawing.FillProperties service.

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